Library Functions: getchar( ), putchar() Functions

Character I/O Functions:

getchar( ):

getchar( ) function is defined in “stdio.h”. It is used to read one character at a time, from the standard input device (usually Keyboard). It takes no parameter, and returns the input character. Syntax: char_variable = getchar();

Example:

char ch;

ch = getchar();

in the above example function getchar() accepts a character and assigns it to the character variable ‘ch’

putchar( ):

the function putchar( ) can be considered as complimentary to the getchar( ) function as it prints single character at a time. putchar( ) function transmits a single character to a standard output device (usually a monitor). This function takes a single argument, which represents a single character to be displayed or to be sent to the standard output device. Syntax: putchar(char_variable);

Example:

/*Program to input a character in lowercase and print it is upper case using getchar and putchar functions */

#include<iostream.h>

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

{

char ch;

cout<<"\n Enter a character in lower case: ";

ch = getchar();

cout<<"\nThe entered character is ";

putchar(ch);

cout<<"\nCharacter in UPPER CASE: ";

putchar(ch - 32);

return 0;

}